流域解析 Watershed analysis
項目範圍以兩谷的分水嶺定義－深石村的谷地及下羗山鹿湖的谷地。區域內以佛教教徒為主，強調農禪並重，因此利用天然溪流並開發小型灌溉渠以作農務。60年代初，兩個山谷分別進行了大型基礎設施建設，改變了該地區的水系。在深石村，村民開闢了水圳，將水引至農田和房屋中，管道的水流方向仍大致與徑流一致。下羗山的谷地則有別於此，區域內興建多條引水道，以配合石壁水庫的集水。引水道改變了原有的徑流路線，減少了流向下羗山的水量。
The project scope encompasses two watersheds in the region: the valley surrounding Sham Shek Village and the valley in the Lower Keung Shan Luk Wu area. The inhabitants of these areas traditionally practiced Buddhism and agriculture, harnessing natural streams to create small irrigation channels for watering their crops. In the 1960s, significant infrastructure developments occurred in both valleys, altering the area's water systems. Villagers constructed large irrigation channels, redirecting water to their farmlands and homes. Despite these changes, the overall layout of the pipelines still generally conforms to the natural water runoff patterns.
In contrast, in the Lower Keung Shan valley, extensive catchment channels were constructed to support the building of the Shek Pik Reservoir. These channels divert water in a direction opposite to the original runoff, resulting in a reduced water flow to Lower Keung Shan.
The diagram shows the relationship between water infrastructure and villagers' livelihood. In 1963, a large irrigation canal was built on the mountain of Sham Shek Village. Upon the completion of the infrastructure, water from the mountain is collected and supplied to the villagers to irrigate farmlands. The amount of water is even enough to open new farmland. In addition, Sham Shek Village has received assistance from the K.A.A.A to build village houses, water storage tanks, and water pipes; provide sprayers to irrigate farmland, raise chickens, ducks and other livestock. As the irrigation canal is completed, a complete water system is also formed in the village.
雨水系統 Stormwater System
圖示反映了水利設施與村民生計之間的密切聯繫。1963年，深石村山區建造了一條大型水渠。水渠完工後，不僅收集了山泉水供村民灌溉農地，而且水量充足到可以開闢新田。深石村還獲得嘉道理農業發展基金會的支援，建立了村舍、儲水池和英式水管，並提供了噴灌設施，利用豐富的水資源實現農田自動灌溉。此外，基金會還向村民提供了雞鴨等家禽飼養，進一步幫助他們增加收入。該水渠的建設使村內形成了一個完整的水利系統。
Based on the most recent ecological data, the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD) has identified several rivers and streams as ecologically significant. The natural river at Sham Wat is included in this category, hosting a variety of species that are critical for conservation.
天然河溪
Natural Runoff
漁農自然護理署根據現有的最新生態資料，把一些河溪界定為具重要生態價值河溪，其中位於深屈的天然河溪亦是其中一道，可找到很多有保育重要性的物種。
人工排水道
Artificial Drainage Channel
Artificial drainage channels are evident across the site, constructed to reroute water flow to meet agricultural and domestic requirements. Predominantly composed of concrete, these channels help to prevent waterlogging and minimize the risk of erosion. Nonetheless, such concrete structures can diminish natural habitats and adversely affect water quality, impacting local biodiversity.
人工排水道在場地隨處可見，能重新引導區域內的水流，作農業或生活所需。水道利用混凝土改造，有助管理水流，防止內澇，減低土壤侵蝕的風險。然而，它們會改變地區的自然水文，減低物種棲息地及降低水質。
Semi-engineered rivers have been modified through human intervention to enhance drainage and manage flood risks. Despite these alterations, they maintain some of their natural characteristics and processes. These modifications typically involve dredging, reinforcing the banks, or regulating the flow of water.
半人工石溪
Engineered Stone Creek
半工程河道通過人為干預對其進行部分改造，以提高其排水及防洪。半工程渠道保留了部分自然特徵和過程，工程涉及疏浚、穩岸或流量調節等措施。
Sham Shek Village, situated in the valley and low-lying region of Lantau Island, is particularly vulnerable to flooding due to its closeness to the sea and the intense rainfall experienced during the typhoon season. To mitigate this risk, the government has enacted several flood prevention strategies, which include the construction of sea walls, the establishment of enhanced drainage systems, and the expansion of reservoir capacities. Despite these efforts, the escalating impacts of climate change coupled with ongoing urbanization are exacerbating the flood hazards in North Lantau.
洪水風險分析 Flood Risk Map
深石是位於大嶼山谷地及低窪地區。由於靠近大海，水資源豐富，颱風季節降雨量大，場地是洪水氾濫的高危區域。政府實施了各種防洪措施，例如建造海堤、建設排水系統和提高水庫容量。然而，氣候變化和城市化進程繼續增加北大嶼山的水浸風險。
海岸類型 Coastal Typologies
水系文物 - 河溪水道 Water System Heritage - River Channel
河溪出水口 Stream and River Outlets
